The first known list of the most remarkable creations of classical antiquity was the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, which was popular based on guide-books of Hellenic sight-seers that includes the works located around Mediterranean rim. Greeks believed that number seven (7) is the representation of perfection and plenty. The list has more similarities which included the list of the Medieval World and the Modern World.

The historian Herodotus (484 – ca. 425 BCE), and the scholar Callimachus of Cyrene (ca. 305 – 240 BCE) at the Museum of Alexandria, had made early lists of Seven wonders but their writings have not survived except as references.


The seven wonders of the ancient world are:

   1. Great Pyramid of Giza
   2. Hanging Gardens of Babylon
   3. Statue of Zeus at Olympia
   4. Temple of Artemis at Ephesus
   5. Mausoleum of Maussollos at Halicarnassus
   6. Colossus of Rhodes
   7. Lighthouse of Alexandria

Great Pyramid of Giza

The Great Pyramid of Giza (including the Cheops Pyramid and the Pyramid of Khufu) is the oldest and largest of the three pyramids of Giza in the cemetery along what is now El Giza, Egypt. It is the oldest of the seven wonders of the ancient world and the only one that is still largely intact. It is believed the pyramid was a tomb of Egyptian pharaoh Cheops Fourth Dynasty (Cheops in Greek) built and designed over 20 years around 2560 BC finals. The Great Pyramid is the tallest structure in the human world for over 3800 years. Originally from the Great Pyramid was behind by casing stones that a smooth surface that is formed today covered is the basic structure. Some of the stones that once the body structure is still visible at the base. There were different theories about the scientific and other techniques to build the Great Pyramid. Most assumptions are accepted construction is based on the idea that by moving huge stones from a quarry and dragging and lifting it was built.

There are known three rooms inside the Great pyramid. The bottom chamber is built into the rock on which the pyramid and cut done. The so-called House [1] of the Queen and the King's Chamber are higher in the pyramid-shaped structure. The Great Pyramid of Giza is the only pyramid in Egypt known to contain both ascending and descending passages. The main part of the complex at Giza is a parameter of buildings, the two mortuary temples in honor of Khufu (including in the vicinity of the pyramid and one near the Nile), three small pyramids of Giza for the wives, an even smaller "satellite "pyramid, a raised embankment, the two temples, tombs and small mastaba combines round-the-pyramid for nobles.

The Hanging Gardens of Babylon, near modern Al Hillah, Babil, Iraq, are one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient origin considered. They are sometimes called the Hanging Gardens of Babylon. They were built by Babylonian King Nebuchadnezzar II around 600 BC. It would have built the garden with his wife, if you like homesickness, Amytis media, which sought to trees and aromatic plants in their country of Persian origin. The gardens have been several earthquakes after the 2nd Century BC, destroyed.

The lush gardens are exposed to a large extent by the Greek historians such as Strabo and Diodorus of Sicily documented. confused by the centuries, the side with gardens that existed at Nimrud, was that the tablets of here clearly show gardens. Writings on these tablets describe the possible use of something similar to an Archimedes screw seen as a process of collecting water for the 2009 height.May Nebuchadnezzar II also stone blocks that was unheard of, in Babylon, to prevent water erosion.
 

There is some controversy as to whether the Hanging Gardens an actual creation or a poetic creation by the lack of documentation of them were in the chronicles of Babylonian history. In ancient writings the Hanging Gardens of Babylon were first described by Berosus, the Babylonian priest, at the end of the 4th Century BC lived. These accounts were later developed by the Greek historians.

A more recent theory is that the gardens actually under the command of Sennacherib, who ascended the throne of Assyria built in 705 BC, reigned until 681 BC. In further studies on the site of Nineveh (on the eastern bank of the Tigris in ancient Assyria located) gardens were placed next to the entrance to his palace on the banks of the Tigris. It is possible that over the centuries, the two sides was confused, and the Hanging Gardens of Babylon were awarded.

The Statue of Zeus at Olympia was made by the Greek sculptor Phidias, by 432 BC at the point where it was built in the Temple of Zeus, Olympia, Greece. He was one of the Seven Wonders of the ancient world.
The seated statue, about 12 meters (39 feet) tall, occupied the entire width of the nave of the temple built to house it. "It seems that if Zeus were to stand," the geographer Strabo noted early in the first century BC, "he unroof the temple." The Zeus was a chryselephantine sculpture, ivory and gilt bronze. No copy of marble or bronze has survived, but there are recognizable, but approximate versions on coins of Elis, and the nearby Roman coins and gems. A very detailed description of the sculpture, and his seat was by registration traveler Pausanias in the second century AD. The statue was crowned with olive branches has been made in gold and sits on a magnificent throne of cedarwood, inlaid with ivory, gold, ebony and precious stones. Zeus in the right hand there was a small statue of St. Nike, the goddess of victory, as chryselephantine, and in his left hand a scepter inlaid with gold, on which an eagle. Plutarch in his Life of Paul, the Roman general Aemilius squatting, records that the victor of Macedonia, when he, the statue "was his mind was moved when he saw the god himself," during the first century AD Greek Dio Chrysostom spoke only explained a look at the statue of a man would forget all earthly cares.

The Temple of Artemis (Greek: Ἀρτεμίσιον or Artemis), even less precisely as Temple of Diana, was a Greek temple of a Greek goddess Artemis, ended as that in the phase of identifying known famous, around 550 BC at Ephesus (today's Turkey). The Temple of Artemis was near the ancient city of Ephesus, about 50 km south of the modern port city of Izmir, Turkey. Today the town is situated on the edge of the modern town of Selcuk away. Although the monument was one of the Seven Wonders of the ancient world, only the foundations and fragments of sculptures of the temple. There was the temple to its previous location, is in the detection of a Shrine of the Bronze Age. The whole temple of marble, with the exception of the roof.

The temple is advance by ion migration for many years. Callimachus in his Hymn to Artemis, attributed the origin of the temenos at Ephesus to the Amazons, whose worship he imagines himself, already focused on a picture. In the seventh century, was the old temple, destroyed by a flood. The construction of the "new" Temple, who had become known as one of the wonders of the ancient world, began around 550 BC. It was a project of 120 years, originally designed and built by Cretan architect and his son Chersiphron Metagen at the expense of Croesus of Lydia.